دانلود Introduction to Nanotechnology با فرمت pdf و در 5 صفحه
قسمتی از متن Introduction to Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology is defined as the study and use of structures between 1 nanometer and 100
nanometers in size. To give you an idea of how small that is, it would take eight hundred ,100
nanometer particles side by side to match the width of a human hair.
Looking At Nanoparticles
Scientists have been studying and working with nanoparticles for centuries, but the
effectiveness of their work has been hampered by their inability to see the structure of
nanoparticles. In recent decades the development of microscopes capable of displaying
particles as small as atoms has allowed scientists to see what they are working with.
Now that you have an idea of how small a scale nanotechnologists work with, consider the
challenge they face. Think about how difficult it is for many of us to insert thread through the
eye of a needle. Such an image helps you imagine the problem scientists have working with
nanoparticles that can be as much as one millionth the size of the thread. Only through the use
of powerful microscopes can they hope to ‘see’ and manipulate these nano-sized particles.
Nanotechnology Applications
The ability to see nano-sized materials has opened up a world of possibilities in a variety of
industries and scientific endeavors. Because nanotechnology is essentially a set of techniques
that allow manipulation of properties at a very small scale, it can have many applications,
such as:
1- Nanotechnology in Medicine (Nanomedicine)
Nanomedicine is the medical use of molecular-sized particles to deliver drugs, heat, light or
other substances to specific cells in the human body. Engineering particles to be used in this
way allows detection and/or treatment of diseases or injuries within the targeted cells, thereby
minimizing the damage to healthy cells in the body.
Drug delivery. Today, most harmful side effects of treatments such as chemotherapy are a
result of drug delivery methods that dont pinpoint their intended target cells accurately.
Researchers at Harvard and MIT have been able to attach special RNA strands, measuring
about 10 nm in diameter, to nanoparticles and fill the nanoparticles with a chemotherapy drug.
These RNA strands are attracted to cancer cells. When the nanoparticle encounters a cancer
cell it adheres to it and releases the drug into the cancer cell. This directed method of drug
delivery has great potential for treating cancer patients while producing less side harmful
affects than those produced by conventional chemotherapy.
2-Fabric and Nanotechnology
Making composite fabric with nano-sized particles or fibers allows improvement of fabric
properties without a significant increase in weight, thickness, or stiffness as might have been
the case with previously-used techniques.
Fabrics. The properties of familiar materials are being changed by manufacturers who are
adding nano-sized components to conventional materials to improve performance. For
example, some clothing manufacturers are making water and stain repellent clothing using
nano-sized whiskers in the fabric that cause water to bead up on the surface
دیدگاه خود را ثبت کنید